Occipital nerve block

Overview

Understanding occipital nerve block

Occipital nerves provide sensation to much of the back and top of the scalp. Irritation can produce pain that begins near the upper neck or back of the head and may travel toward the scalp or eye.

Headache has many causes. A careful history and neurologic evaluation are important before using a nerve block diagnostically or therapeutically.

Useful context

When this may be discussed

• Selected occipital neuralgia or cervicogenic headache patterns
• Testing whether an occipital nerve contributes to head or neck pain
• Temporary symptom reduction when the diagnosis and risk review support it

At the clinic

What the process may involve

1. 01

   Review of the headache pattern, warning signs, medications, and prior care

2. 02

   Positioning and examination of the target area at the back of the head

3. 03

   Cleaning the skin and placing medication near the selected nerve

4. 04

   Short observation and instructions about numbness, soreness, and when to call

Benefits, limits, and risks

Questions to discuss before treatment

• Results vary and may be temporary or absent.
• Risks include bleeding, infection, dizziness, temporary numbness, increased headache, medication reaction, nerve injury, and injury to nearby vessels or tissue.
• A block should not delay emergency evaluation of a sudden or neurologically concerning headache.